Characterization of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production system in the Zacatecas, Mexico.

Abstract

Objective: Characterize the tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) production system in the state of Zacatecas.

Methodology: The study was carried out in the UPAs of the state of Zacatecas, through a cross-sectional design, qualitative-quantitative method, the instrument was a questionnaire and the sampling was non-probabilistic.

Results: Tilapia cultivation is carried out in different types of ponds where, on average, 2,340 organisms are planted per pond, and they produce 5,705.88 kg*year-1, with a sale price of $116.47 pesos*kg-1 of fresh fish gutted at the farm. Production costs are concentrated in concentrated feed and electrical energy. Regarding the analyzed characteristics (financial), the aquaculture production units (UPAs) are grouped into four types of production: basic UPAs as a complementary activity with limited economic resources; pre-intermediate UPAs with basic infrastructure with adult aquaculturists (49-55 years); Intermediate UPAs dedicate full time and average profitability; Finally, upper-intermediate UPAs have optimal infrastructure and activity with adult aquaculturists (30-55 years) and an inclination to adopt technological innovation in aquaculture activity.

Limitations/implications of the study: The present study has no important limitations

Conclusions: In general, aquaculturists perceive a stagnation in their activity, due to the lack of promotion of their product, production scheduling and insecurity, limitations that show the need to create an inter-institutional strategy where universities and research institutions participate. research and government agencies that promote elements of policy, financing and training.