Birds of the high mountains of Veracruz region, Mexico

Abstract

Objective: In the region, no formal studies are systematizing the total richness of bird species, the data here presented has been generated by the authors though several observation initiatives; as well as publications and materials for its diffusion. The main objective is to announce the ornithological richness, an overview of its situation, the activities carried out to encourage its knowledge, conservation, and the troubles faced

Design/methodology/approach: A bibliographic review, observations, and auditive records of birds were conducted in situ, following Ralph et al. techniques in the nine types of vegetation encompassed in the region, added with the revision of National Collection of Birds from UNAM and CONABIO databases.

Results: We report 515 bird species, 119 are under risk, 79% were in situ records, and 21% from additional sources. 50 species have some endemism status, 14 have shown expansion in their distribution, 65.2% are residents and 34.8% have some migrant status. Finally, eight different problems affecting birds are here reported.

Limitations on study/implications: Have no in situ records of birds in 12 municipalities of the region due to a scarce relationship with authorities and lack of budget

Findings/conclusions: The ornithological richness encompassing here holds 71.6% of the state. It is necessary to expand the monitoring effort in 12 municipalities where there are no bird data records. The region is ideal for avitourism, especially as it has the widest altitude gradient, not only in Mexico but in North and Central America.