YIELD AND ADAPTATION OF THE INIFAP RED BEAN VARIETY (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) IN CHIAPAS, MÉXICO

Abstract

In Chiapas, México, there is interest to grow red grain bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), which is why research began since 2003 that led to the liberation of the INIFAP Red bean variety. The objective of this study is to show the results in productivity, reaction to the bean golden yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) and adaptation in acid soils of this variety in Chiapas and Veracruz, evaluating 10 rainfed environments in Chiapas and one in Veracruz, and residual moisture. During 2005, its reaction to BGYMV in Chiapas was evaluated; and in 2006, its adaptation was evaluated in greenhouses in acid soils of Veracruz and Villahidalgo, Chiapas, with or without lime amendment; and from 2005 to 2007 it was validated in 13 environments in Chiapas and one in Veracruz. The INIFAP Red variety and the EAP 9508-48 line for comparison obtained average yields higher than the Coloradito Creole; the new variety was the one with highest yield, and it showed stability in its productive behavior (bi=1 and S²di=0). INIFAP Red recorded the lowest incidence of BGYMV (24 %) in damaged plants and yield of 950 kg ha^-1, while the Coloradito Creole showed incidence of 89 % and yield of 319 kg ha^-1. In acid soil, INIFAP Red produced biomass similar to the Sesentano Creole, while with the lime amendment, only the new variety increased the biomass in more than 90 %. In validation
plots, the new variety outperformed the Coloradito Creole in yield in all the environments evaluated, with an average of 1201 kg ha^-1, higher in 37.4%.