BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF PHYTOPATHOGENS THROUGH Trichoderma spp. ISOLATES

Abstract

Biological control is a demanding aspect in science, due to the large number of phytopathogens that cause economic losses in agricultural crops. Among the organisms reported as disease causing, there are fungi, bacteria, nematodes and viruses. However, in nature there are species of fungi and bacteria that exert biocontrol on some of these, with fungi from the genus Trichoderma standing out, which induces an antibiotic effect through the activation of various action mechanisms through the production of enzymes, microparasitism, competition over space and nutrients, in addition to stimulating root growth, height and weight of the plant. All of these properties give them ideal characteristics for their implementation, due to their rapid growth and adaptability, allowing them to inhabit various types of soil because of their
ecological plasticity. Because of this, the different action mechanisms of the Trichoderma genus are described, as well as the studies that have been carried out to demonstrate the use of metabolites it has over different phytopathogens that affect agricultural crops