USE AND EXPLOITATION OF WILD FAUNA IN RURAL ZONES OF CAMPECHE, MÉXICO

Abstract

In México, the local knowledge and exploitation of wild fauna has represented a fundamental activity for societies in rural areas, because it constitutes the main source of subsistence. However, studies under this approach are scarce in the state of Campeche. The use and exploitation of wild fauna was characterized in 13 rural localities that belong to nine municipalities of Campeche, México, located within the federal program of Cruzada contra el hambre. The field work was carried out during June to September 2015, applying methods for participant assessment and applying semi-structured questionnaires to a total of 184 people. Thirty-two species of wild fauna were recorded, 50 % mammals, 34 % birds, and 16 % reptiles. Among the most exploited mammals there are O. virginianus yucatanensis, P. tajacu, I. iguana, T. scripta and D. novemcinctus, which are obtained primarily through hunting and buying. The main uses for the species are food, medicinal use, pets and mythical. These results allow observing the degree of dependence of residents towards the fauna resources without concern for their protection statuses.