ESPAÑOL

Abstract

The objective of this research was the analysis of the main factors involved in the profitability of bread wheat in the states of Guanajuato and Nuevo León, Mexico. To obtain the information, semi-structured interviews were applied to key informants, who indicated the context of the crop in their region. In order to quantify profitability, production performance and costs production were determined. The production cost information for the two entities was obtained through the producer panels, where they were asked about the expenses in land preparation, inputs, harvest and others such as water, electricity and financial rights; in addition, the yields and the price that was received per ton marketed. It was appreciated that Nuevo León and Guanajuato have an agro-industrial infrastructure that demands mexican wheat. In each state, the profitability of the crop depends on a number of factors such as the planting system and the production technology used, but in all the places studied, bread wheat had positive profitability, however, there are high production costs and a continuous deterioration of the real prices of the product. It is necessary to develop soft wheat varieties that adapt to rainfall conditions for agricultural regions where wheat cultivation is under these conditions. Although Mexico is self-sufficient in the production of flour, each year it is necessary to import an additional volume of bread-making wheat since Mexico is deficient in the production of these.