Agroecological production experiences in four agricultural regions of Mexico

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the experiences of various activities and practices that are carried in different agroecological regions of Mexico, in various crops and without, and use of chemicals.

Design/methodology/approach: Surveys were conducted in four agricultural regions of Mexico (Texcoco, State of Mexico, Vicente Guerrero, Tlaxcala, Michoacán, and Tetela del Volcan, Morelos); related to the general description, antecedents, inputs, and agroecological practices, which allowed a descriptive analysis to be carried out.

Results: 60.00% of the agroecological units belong to the common land tenure system and 40.00% to the small property. The producers are between 25 and 68 years old. The plots are from 0.50 to 20.00 ha. Of surface. The main crops were corn (Zea mays ssp. Mays) and avocado (Persea americana Mill.). 45.00% is temporary and 36.00% is irrigated / temporary. Half carry out crop rotation and 40.00% crop association. In more than 15 years of experience, they went from 59.00% using chemicals to 95.00% without using chemical herbicides. Crop nutrition is based on elements such as compost (27.00%), manure (23.00%). 50.00% manage pests and diseases through agroecological practices. 68.18% have technical advice, and 77.27% know the decree to reduce the use of glyphosate.

Limitations on study/implications: 13.60% are in transition, and still carry out chemical control of pests and diseases, as well as chemical fertilization.

Findings/conclusions: It is possible to grow crops with respect for biodiversity, use of local resources, be friendly to the environment, soil conservation, and obtain healthy food.