Evaluation and selection of genotypes of jamaica (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under rainfed conditions in Tututepec, Oaxaca

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate phenological, morphological and yield variables of genotypes of jamaica of from Nayarit, under rainfed conditions in Río Grande, Tututepec, Oaxaca, México.
Design/methodology/approximation: Nine genotypes were evaluated [UAN-7, UAN-8, UAN-13, UAN-16, UAN-29, UAN- 30, UAN-31, Negra Quiviquinta (NQ) and Tempranilla Flor (TF)] and as a regional witness the Jersey Acriollada variety (JA). A block design was used completely at random. The variables evaluated were: days to flowering and harvest; plant height and first fruit; number of branches and calyxes; and yield of fresh and dried calyxes per plant. The stockings were compared by the Tukey test.
Results: The later genotype was UAN-30, with 100 days at flowering and 133 days at harvest, the earliest were UAN-7, UAN-13 and JA, which in turn had lower height, while UAN-8, UAN -16, UAN-30 and TF, were the highest. The highest yields of fresh calyces were obtained in UAN-7, UAN-13 and UAN-16 (531.71, 545.97 and 532.83 g/plant, respectively); NQ and JA obtained the lowest (346.41 and 336.23 g/plant, respectively). The highest yields of dry calyces were obtained from UAN-8, UAN-16 and TF (63.02, 59.17 and 60.15 g/plant, respectively).
Findings/conclusions: The earliest genotypes to have 50% flowering were JA, UAN-7 and UAN-13; UAN-30 was the latest. UAN-7, UAN-29 and JA, showed greater precocity for harvest; the latest was UAN-30. The highest yields of dried calyces were obtained in UAN-8, UAN-16 and TF (58.1, 62.3 and 58.47% higher than JA, respectively).