Nitrate reductase enzyme activity as a nutritional indicator in maize under two irrigation systems

Abstract

Objective: Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the most economically significant cereal crops worldwide due to its substantial socioeconomic value. This study aimed to evaluate the enzymatic activity of nitrate reductase in the leaves of maize hybrids subjected to two different irrigation systems.

Design/methodology/approach: Key parameters assessed included nitrate reductase activity, nitrogen concentration, biomass accumulation, and crop yield. A completely randomized design was employed, with plots divided over time, incorporating two treatments and six composite replications. The treatments comprised two irrigation methods: surface (gravity) irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation using tape. The yellow maize hybrid P1382 was utilized in both treatments.

Results: Findings revealed that nitrate reductase activity declined progressively throughout the crop's phenological development. This reduction corresponded with a decrease in foliar nitrogen concentration, ultimately leading to diminished enzymatic activity during the later growth stages.

Limitations/implications:The results underscore the pivotal role of nitrate reductase in the nitrogen biotransformation process within the plant, highlighting the importance of temporal analysis to better understand the dynamics of nitrogen metabolism. Findings/conclusions:  Regarding the irrigation systems evaluated, subsurface drip irrigation proved more efficient in nutrient utilization, achieving yields comparable to gravity irrigation despite lower fertilizer input. Nevertheless, balanced fertilization strategies could further enhance productivity.