Diversity of terrestrial mammals visiting artificial water sources at the Technological University of Calakmul, Campeche, México

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diversity of terrestrial mammals that visit artificial water sources in the conservation area of the Technological University of Calakmul, as well as their activity patterns and behavior at these sites.

Methodology: Four artificial water sources were installed in strategic areas, each equipped with a camera trap station to register the species that used the water sources and document their behavior in five categories: passing through, feeding, foraging, hydration, and temperature regulation. The data were analyzed using accumulation curves and ecological interaction networks.

Results: Twelve species were recorded, highlighting the use of water as a fundamental resource, especially during dry periods. Among the observed species, the jaguar and puma stood out as key predators in the ecosystem.

Limitations: This study was limited to a small conservation area within UTC and could benefit from greater sampling coverage.

Conclusions: Artificial water sources are an effective strategy for maintaining the availability of water during critical periods and provide important interaction points for wildlife. The data obtained in this study indicate that university conservation areas are important for protecting biodiversity and the academic training of students.