Evaluation of microbial consortia for the control of Rhizoctonia solani kühn in serrano pepper under greenhouse conditions
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Keywords
Capsicum annuum, disease, beneficial microorganisms, severity, inci-dence.
Resumen
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of bacterial consortia and endophytic fungi for the control of Rhizoctonia solani in serrano pepper.
Design/methodology/approach: Two experiments were established: the first used two-month-old chili plants, and the second used one-month-old plants. The following treatments were inoculated in the root zone: T1 = Bacillus cereus P5 + Irpex lacteus P7B, T2 = Paenibacillus polymyxa BACAGA + Bacillus glycinifermentans CORI2 + Bacillus subtilis PI04 + Xylaria feejeensis PASI22, T3 = Bacillus sp. SALGUA + Trichoderma sp. TRICOE, T4 = Negative control (without microorganisms), and T5 = Positive control (inoculation of R. solani). In the first experiment, disease severity was estimated using a diagrammatic scale. In the second, it was assessed using two methods: a diagrammatic severity scale in the first, and a millimeter ruler in the second. Using the data obtained, the area under the disease progression curve (AUCPE) was estimated for each treatment. The incidence and severity were assessed over 13 days, and the area under the disease progress curve (AUCPE) was estimated. At the end of the experiment, the fresh and dry weights of each treatment were estimated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and means test (Tukey, p ≤ 0.05) using SAS version 9.0.
Results: The best treatment was T3, as it reduced the severity of the disease caused by R. solani, registering AUDPC values of 3.17 for severity in the first experiment, AUDPC of 24.90 (first method) and 10.19 (second method) in the second experiment. T5 showed the highest severity values, with an AUDPC of 11.45 in the first experiment and AUDPC of 54.70 (first method) and 23.91 (second method) in the second experiment.
Findings/conclusions: The best treatment to reduce the severity of R. solani-induced disease was T3 treatment.
Limitations/implications: Future research is required to evaluate the effectiveness under open-field conditions of the microbial consortia evaluated in the present study.