Characterization of the milpa system in four rural communities

Resumen

Objective: To analyze the social and productive characteristics and the adoption of agroecological practices in family production units (FPUs) of the milpa system in four localities of the municipality of Tecoanapa, Guerrero.

Design/Methodology/Approach: Local agricultural producers were interviewed for a descriptive analysis. Social, technological, seed conservation, and marketing aspects of the FPUs were characterized. The research likewise included a bibliographic review.

Results: Most of the producers were men between 40 and 80 years old, with low educational levels. A high rate of youth migration (30%) was recorded. FPUs are mainly owned by families (85.7%). As a consequence of the rugged terrain, these units make a limited use of agricultural machinery. Native corn grains and bean and squash seeds are sown in the FPUs; however, some corn varieties have been lost. The income resulting from commercialization is low. Producers mainly use hand tools. As a result of their health issues and production benefits, 46.7% of producers are willing to adopt agroecological practices.

Study Limitations/Implications: Youth migration and low education levels limit continuity and adoption of technologies. The terrain hinders the use of machinery, consequently impacting productivity.

Findings/Conclusions: Despite the challenges, an interest to strengthen traditional systems through agroecological practices has arisen. These efforts could contribute to seed and grain conservation and local agricultural sustainability.