Diversity of vam in soils used to cultivate sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) in Tabasco, Mexico

Abstract

In the Santa Rosalía Sugar Mill supply area, a study was carried out whit the aim to identify the soil subunits cultivated with sugar cane and to quantify the degree of mycorrhization of Saccharum officinarum. For this, rhizosphere samples were collected at a depth of 0-30 cm and root segments with diameters ? 1 mm and 1 - 2.0 mm were observed, the Intersect Method and the Fungal Structures Method were comparatively analyzed to determine the mycotrophic state from the roots. The number of spores in the soils was also quantified and the morpho-species of HMVA were classified. The results show that in the area exist seven soil subunits but the Intersect Method did not detect differences in colonization by root diameter or by root colonization (? = 68.5%). For its part, the Fungal Structures method showed differences between soil subunits in colonization (? = 69.5%), being higher in fine roots, and statistical differences for Vesicles and Spores. At the sites, an average of 696 spores were quantified per 100 g of soil, which indicates a high presence of Vesicle-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the study area. Finally, six species of mycorrhizae were identified at all, of which four are present in various soil subunits: Glomus aff. deserticola, Glomus etunicatum, Glomus viscosum and Paraglomus occultum. The presence of hyphae, vesicles, arbuscules and spores indicates that there is an active mycotrophic process between HMVA and sugarcane cultivation in the soils of the study area.