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Objective: To provide a comprehensive overview of the generation of bioactive peptides from raw red meat, its by-products, and the waste meat cuts, as well as the bioactive health effects.
Design/methodology/approach: A literature search was conducted through the organization and systematized analysis of information for an updated literature review of bioactive peptides in red meat.
Results: Meat is a food of great nutritional value for human beings, since the digestibility of its protein stands out. In addition to the nutritional value of this protein, there are some studies in meat where bioactive peptides provide bioactivity mainly as an antihypertensive and antioxidant. Bioactive peptides are generally obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis and through microbial fermentation processes. Subsequently, they are identified by analytical techniques to perform in vitro and in vivo evaluations verifying the bioactivity of the peptides obtained.
Limitations on study/implications: The food industry must establish the most reliable methods for generating more reliable peptides to standardize their production and avoid process variability.
Findings/conclusions: The bioactive activity to be exerted by the peptides will depend on factors specific to the protein, such as the number of amino acids it contains, the hydrophilic or hydrophobic profile, and size, among others. This information is key to predict the activity the peptide can exert in the human body since many can have multiple activities, the most common being the antioxidant-antihypertensive function.